Gross Domestic Product

Тема: Gross Domestic Product

Цель урока:

учебная – совершенствование лексических навыков по теме «Carat»; формирование лексических навыков по текущей теме;

            познавательная – понятия «ВВП», «Торговый баланс».

Тип урока: комбинированный

1. Вопросы по теме "Carat”

1. In what way do experts show fineness of gold? Give examples. Let fineness of gold be 750, how many carats is it?
2. Do experts apply the notion of carat to precious metals? What does it show in this case? Is it a measure of weight?
3. How many carats are there in one gram? 2 grams? 0.2 grams?
4. What precious stones do you know?
5. What do you know about diamond? What are the features of diamond? Is it the hardest substance known? Is it used in industry?
6. What semiprecious stones do you know?
7. In what two ways can we invest precious metals?
8. If you want to keep a safe deposit box in a bank, what minimum amount of gold should you have? Should you pay any fees to the bank?
9. If you keep a precious metal account, should you pay account charges? What is a minimum trading unit?
10. What coins cannot be used for investment purposes?
11. For what purposes do people use numismatic coins and medals?

2. Две команды – каждая пишет на своей половинке доске столько слов, сколько вспомнит (естественно, без каких-либо вспомогательных материалов, по памяти).

3. Зачет по словам

4. Новая тема "Gross Domestic Product”. Презентация слов

 

Gross Domestic Product	Валовой внутренний продукт – то, что создано внутри страны за определенный период (в том числе иностранными компаниями)	It is the amount of money a country makes from goods and services inside the country for a year.
To calculate, to count (GDP) To define (GDP)	Рассчитывать, считать Определять	When experts calculate (define) GDP they analyze various sectors of economy.
Manufacturing	Обрабатывающая промышленность	They are manufacturing, services (scientific, leisure, financial, tourism), energy (oil, coal, gas) and agriculture.
Services (scientific, leisure)	Услуги (научные, досуговые)
Agriculture	Сельское хозяйство
Account for	Служить причиной  чего-либо (объяснять что-либо)	In developed countries services account for 60 % of GDP. Manufacturing sector earns a small percentage of Gross Domestic Product. Agriculture accounts for 4 % of GDP. Only a small fraction of the total population, about 2 %, are engaged in agriculture. But agriculture satisfies the country’s needs.
Earn To earn one’s living	Заработать Зарабатывать  себе на жизнь
Fraction	Часть
To be engaged in smth	Быть занятым в чем-либо
To satisfy, satisfaction	Удовлетворять, удовлетворение

5. Постарайтесь пересказать текст с использованием ключевых слов

6. Прочитать текст "Gross Domestic Product”

Gross Domestic Product or GDP is the amount of money a country makes from goods and services inside the country for a certain period of time, usually for a year.

When GDP is calculated different sectors of economy are analyzed.

In the United Kingdom the following sectors of economy are usually analyzed: manufacturing, services (financial, professional and scientific services, leisure and tourism), energy (oil, natural gas, coal) and agriculture. In the United States the following sectors of economy are usually analyzed when the GDP is defined: construction and manufacturing; trade and finance; transport, communication and services; agriculture and mining.

Speaking, as an example, about one of the recent year’s GDP figures, the following can be quated:

In the UK the services sector accounted for roughly 60 % of Gross Domestic Product. Manufacturing sector accounted for a small percentage of Gross Domestic Product. Energy production sector accounted for about 8 % of GDP. Agriculture – only for 4 % of GDP. But the agricultural sector satisfies two-thirds of the country’s needs. And only a small fraction of the total population, about 2 %, are engaged in agriculture.

In the USA the construction and manufacturing sector accounted for 40 % of GDP; trade and finance earned 25 % of GDP; transport, communication and services sector earned 20 % of GDP; agriculture and mining earned 5 % of GDP. By the way 10 % of the employed population of the United States is engaged in agriculture.

7. Переведите на английский язык:

1. ВВП –это количество денег, которое страна зарабатывает на продуктах и услугах внутри страны за определенный период времени, обычно за год.

2. Когда рассчитывают ВВП, анализируют различные отрасли экономики.

3. Обрабатывающая промышленность, услуги (финансовые, профессиональные и научные, досуг, туризм).

4. Энергетика (нефть, газ, уголь) и с/х.

5. строительство и обрабатывающая промышленность

6. торговля и финансы

7. транспорт, связь и услуги

8. сельское хозяйство и горное дело.

9. Следующие отрасли экономики обычно анализируются: обрабатывающая промышленность, услуги (финансовые, профессиональные и научные, досуг и туризм), энергетика (нефть, газ, уголь), сельское хозяйство.

9. Сектор услуг составляет примерно 60% в ВВП.

10. Энергетика составляет 8 % ВВП, а сельское хозяйство – 4 % ВВП.

11. Сельское хозяйство удовлетворяет 2/3 потребностей (нужд) страны.

12. Только небольшая часть всего населения (примерно 2 %) занята в сельском хозяйстве.

13. Торговля и финансы заработали 25 % ВВП.

14. сельское хозяйство и горное дело.

15. занятое население

16. 10 % работающего населения занято в сельском хозяйстве.

8. Прослушайте аудиосюжет «GDP»

Скачать аудиосюжет можно здесь.

9. Постарайтесь записать ответы на следующие вопросы к аудиосюжету:

1. What is GDP?

__________________________________________________________

Ответ: how much staff is bought and sold in one year.

2. What dost "gross” mean?

________________________________

Ответ: before tax

3. What does "domestic” mean?

__________________________________

Ответ: one country

4. What does "product” mean?

__________________________________

Ответ: staff that we buy

5. What is the gross domestic product of Canada?

__________________________________

Ответ: 1.3 trillion dollars

6. What is included in GDP?

__________________________________

Ответ: balance of trade

7. What is the "balance of trade”?

__________________________________

Ответ: the balance of buying and selling

8. What is "import”?

__________________________________

Ответ: how much stuff we buy from other countries.

9. What is "export”?

__________________________________

Ответ: what we build and sell to other countries

10. How do we call the difference between exports and imports?

__________________________________

Ответ: balance of trade

11. Give examples how we calculate the balance of trade?

__________________________________

Ответ:exports is 100, imports is 50, the balance of trade is 100-50 = 50.

12. When does the national currency become stronger?

__________________________________

Ответ: when exports are higher than imports

13. What does "domestic” mean?

__________________________________

Ответ: one country

14. Fill in the gaps

So, GDP is ____________________________________. It is before ____________measure of goods and services bought and sold in one year. The balance of _________is exports minus ______________. And we always want __________exports than imports because we make more ____________ and it is better for the _____________.

10. Грамматика

11. Домашнее задание

Выучить слова

Уметь рассказать о ВВП и торговом балансе.

Прочитать и перевести текст, выучить подчеркнутые слова.

Very often newspapers, journals and other publications and speeches give information on production of goods:

Here is a report of a big English radio company executive (должностное лицо) at a conference:

Well, ladies and gentlemen, it has been a very difficult year for us. We’ve had difficulties in production and our production record (данные о производстве) this year is not high. These are the figures:

At the start of the year all our factories had been on strike (to be on strike – бастовать) for 2 months; the strike finished on January 29^th, so in January we produced only two hundred radios.

Production started slowly because of continued oneday strikes; in February we produced twenty eight thousand radios.

Then the production figures increased every of the three months. In May we reached target figure (контрольная цифра) of one hundred and forty thousand radios and in June we managed to produce (смогли произвести) one hundred and forty nine thousand radios. This last figure is the best production figure we have ever reached (достичь).

Then we had the two-week factory holiday at the beginning of September, which accounts for the figure of eighty thousand radios for that month.

In October production rose to one hundred and twenty thousand and then, for reasons beyond our control  (по независящим от нас причинам), we had our second major strike of the year. Some workers continued working, and others, mainly the engineers and maintenance people (обслуживающий персонал), took turns (делать поочередно) in staying away.  

In November we produced only one hundred thousand radios and in December ninety thousand. so our production figures for last year were, I am afraid, not very good.

Составить график в программе Excel, характеризующий производство радио за год. Дайте объяснение причин ситуации помесячно.

Пример выполнения задания