The World Trade Organization

Тема: The World Trade Organization

Цель урока:

учебная – совершенствование лексических навыков по теме «EEC»; формирование лексических навыков по текущей теме;

            познавательная – понятие о ВТО. 

Тип урока: комбинированный

1. Вопросы по теме "EEC”

1. When was the Common Market established?
2. What were the original members of the EEC?
3. When did Britain join the Common Market?
4. Did the Community form an enormous area? How many people did it include?
5. What privileges did member countries enjoy?
6. In what way did member countries contribute to a common budget?
7. What was the ultimate goal of countries which created the Common Market? When was this goal recognized and reaffirmed?
8. When was the Maastrich Treaty signed? What was it about?
9. What other international organizations do you know?

2. Рассказать по ключевым словам о ЕЭС.

3. Опрос слов урока "EEC”

4. Анализ финансовой таблицы (см. урок по ЕЭС)

5. Новая тема: «The World Trade Organization». Презентация слов

6. Чтение текста «The World Trade Organization».

The World Trade Organization (WTO), which is the successor of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) (Генеральное соглашение по тарифам и торговле)*, was established on 1 January 1995, and is the legal (законодательный) and institutional (институционный) basis of the multilateral trading system. It provides the principal contractual (договорные) obligations determining how governments frame (создавать) and implement domestic trade legislation and regulations.

The essential functions of the WTO are:

• administering (осуществлять) and implementing (выполнять) the multilateral and plurilateral trade agreements which together make up the WTO;
• acting as a forum for multilateral trade negotiations;
• seeking to resolve trade disputes;
• overseeing (осуществлять надзор) national trade policies;
• cooperating with other international institutions involved in global economic policy-making.

In accordance with the "most favoured nation” (MFN) clause, members are to grant to the products of other members no less favourable treatment (не менее благоприятный режим) than that accorded (предусмотренный, оговоренный) to the products of any other country. Quotas are generally outlawed, but tariffs or customs duties are legal in the WTO. The WTO extends previous GATT rules that laid down the basis on which governments could impose (ввести) compensating duties. The WTO Agreement on agriculture is designed to provide increased fairness (справедливость) in farm trade. The WTO agreement on intellectual property will improve conditions of competition. And another agreement will do the same for trade in services. GATT provisions encouraging industrialized countries to assist trade of developing nations are maintained in the WTO.

Developing countries are given transition  periods to adjust to the more difficult WTO provisions. Least-developed countries are given even more flexibility for their goods.

The WTO authorities are:

• the Ministerial Conference (министерская конференция) (было проведено 7 конференций)

• the General Council (генеральный совет)
• three Councils: (три совета)
• for Trade in Goods (совет по товарной торговле)
• for Trade in Services (совет по торговле услугами)
• for Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (совет по вопросам торговых аспектов прав интеллектуальной собственности)

• four Committees
• on Trade and Development
• on Balance of Payments
• on Trade and Environment
• on Budget, Finance and Administration

The Secretariat is located in Geneva.

ГАТТ – заключено в 1947 году, после войны, с целью восстановления экономики. Основная цель – снижение тарифов в торговле.  

7. What are the essential functions of the WTO?

Две команды – какая команда скажет больше правильных предложений, причем таких, чтобы члены другой команды могли перевести данные предложения.  

8. Используйте глагол в правильной форме

1. The WTO (to establish) in 1995.
2. Quotas (to outlaw) generally.
3. The WTO Agreement on Agriculture (to design) to provide increased fairness in farm trade.
4. GATT provisions (to maintain) in the WTO.
5. Developing provisions (to give) transition periods.

9. Грамматика

10. Домашнее задание

Рассказ по ключевым словам про ВТО.