Inflation and Deflation
Тема: Inflation and Deflation
Цель урока:
учебная – совершенствование лексических
навыков по теме «GDP»;
формирование лексических навыков по текущей теме;
познавательная – понятия «инфляция»,
«дефляция», «стагнация», «стагфляция».
Тип урока:
комбинированный
- Вопросы по теме "GDP”
- What is GDP?
- What sectors of economy do
experts analyze when they count GDP? (manufacturing? services? energy?
agriculture? trade and finance? transport and communication? mining?)
- What is imports?
- What is exports?
- How do we call the difference
between exports and imports?
- Is it good when the difference
is good? Is the national currency stronger when the difference between
exports and imports is great?
- Вставьте слова
maintenance, agriculture,
coal, figures, sectors, managed, production record, define, natural gas,
manufacturing, leisure, account, goods and services, oil, reasons, calculate,
scientific, reached, strike, satisfies, mining.
- GDP is the amount of money a
country makes from _____________________inside the country for a year.
- Experts
analyze different __________ of economy when they _____________GDP.
- Experts
analyze _________________, services (financial, professional and
_____________, tourism and _______________), energy (____________,
__________________, ________________) and agriculture.
- A
small ___________ of the total population are engaged in ______________,
but agriculture ________________2/3 of the country’s needs.
- When experts _____________GDP, then also
analyze trade and finance, transport and communication and
_______________.
- Our
______________________ is not good this year because our factories were on
______________.
- The
production ______________increased.
- In
May we ________________the target figure of 140 radios.
- In
June we ____________to produce 149000 radios.
- Two-week
factory holidays _________________for the figures of 80000 radios.
- For
____________beyond our control we had a second major strike.
- Engineers
and _______________people were on strike.
- Зачет по
словам
- Новая
тема "Inflation and Deflation”. Презентация
слов
Записывать слова без иллюстрации
(3 ст.), т.к. слов достаточно много. Для отработки слов дать устный перевод
иллюстраций сначала с английского языка на русский, а затем наоборот.
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1. Inflation
Creeping
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Ползучая
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Inflation rate is less than 10 %. It is a normal
state of affairs in most countries.
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Rapid = runaway, galloping ['gxlqp]
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Быстрая, галопирующая
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If inflation is rapid, it causes serious
losses and makes authorities take measures to control it. The Inflation rate
is 10 – 50 %.
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Hyperinflation
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Гиперинфляция
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The inflation rate is 100 % - 200 %. Barter
trade takes place.
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*agflation
Stagnation
Stagflation
Deflation
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Рост цен на продукцию с/х
Спад производства
Стагфляция
Дефляция
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Increase in prices for agricultural products.
Decrease (decline) in production
Decrease in production + hyperinflation
It is opposite to inflation. It is a persistent decrease in prices.
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2. Inflation Rate
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Ставка инфляции
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It is the percentage change in price over time
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3. An inflationary (uneven) development
(to develop)
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Инфляционный (неравномерный) процесс (развитие)
развиваться
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An inflationary development means rising prices.
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4. Rising prices
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Повышающиеся цены
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Rise (rose, risen ['rIz(q)n]),
Arise (arose, arisen [q'rIz(q)n],
Raise (raised, raised)
Rise – двигаться вверх (move upwords). В официальном стиле синоним get up, stand up; также употребляется со словами sun, moon, wind, river, salary, inflation, rise to a higher position.
I rose early to catch
the 6.00 train.
The wind rose and we couldn’t go.
My salary (wages) rose last year.
Arise – употребляется со
словами question, opportunity, problem, causes. Можно
использовать в значении get up, stand up, но это очень формально. Например, при посвящении в рыцари:
Arise, Sir Richard!
Raise – переместить что-то вверх (переходный глагол!): voice, standard, hand, flag, the alarm, a smile (a laugh) – т.е. рассмешить, the roof – сотрясать стены, например, громким криком.
*Заполните пропуски словами rise (rose, risen), arise (arose, arisen), raise.
1. The sun
__________
2. The moon
_________
3. The wind
_____________
4. He
________ a difficult question.
5. The
question ___________.
5. My wages
____________ last year.
6.
Inflation _____________.
7. He
___________ a hand to ask a question.
8. We must
_____________standards to compete with other companies.
9. The
causes of inflation can _________either from goods or money.
10. His
joke was such a fun, that it ____________ a laugh.
11. Please,
don’t __________your voice.
12. The boy
was weeping so loudly that it _________ the roof.
13.
___________, Sir William!
14. Jack
__________to a higher position and now he doesn’t mix up with us.
15. The
problem has ____________.
16. Don’t
__________this problem, please.
17. It was
a national holiday, and the government ___________flags.
18. The
river ____________ and we couldn’t find a ford (брод).
19. It was
this soldier who ______________the alarm.
20. Such a
nice chance has ______________. *
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5. Consequence
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Последствие
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The rising prices is
a consequence of an uneven development in the quantity of goods on offer and
the quantity of money available.
*What are the consequences of ranaway inflation? It leads to shortage of goods. You have money but you
can buy nothing.
*Goods are not available in shops during the
inflation.
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6. Quantity
Quality
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Количество
Качество
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7. Goods on offer
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Предлагаемые товары
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8. Money (goods) available
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в наличии
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9. Determine demand and supply
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Определять спрос и предложение
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The demand of goods and money available
determine the inflation rate.
The demand for goods is higher than the
supply of goods.
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10. Cause of inflation
(коза стала причиной аварии)
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Причина
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The causes of inflation are complex.
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11. To be damaging for the economy
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Быть разрушительными для экономики
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The consequences of inflation are damaging
for the economy.
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12. To decrease
(decrease) economic growth
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Снижать (снижение) экономический рост
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Inflation leads to decrease in economic
growth.
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13. Come to a halt
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Останавливаться
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Sometimes economic growth comes to a halt
when the inflation is galloping. This situation is named stagnation.
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14. To take measures
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Принять меры
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The government must take measures to combat stagnation.
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15. To combat
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Бороться
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16. Reduce, reduction
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Сокращать, сокращение
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Deflation is a reduction in the supply of
money in comparison with the supply of goods.
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слова «снежным комом»
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